Backscatter normalization in Sentinel-1

Radiometric Calibration to Sigma0 will correct for the global incidence angle (different angle in the near and far range of an image between the incoming signal and the flat earth surface). If you want to reduce the impact of topography on backscatter variation, you first perform Radiometric Calibration to Beta0, followed by Radiometric Terrain Flattening

Please also see here:

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