Regarding the core dump I can’t help. Seem to be something related to the JVM. I haven’t seen this before.
Here they are talking about a similar problem. At least ‘BufferBlob’ is also mentioned.
Regarding the installation, is it failing during the installation process or when you want to stat SNAP afterwards.
I think this must be something specific to the Azure VM, because there are several SNAP installation on Ubuntu 16.*.
You could try the unix archive I’ve referenced in this thread: Installer for other Unix systems?