ABraun
2
Polarimetric decomposition can only be done with the SLC products.
http://sentinel1.s3.amazonaws.com/docs/S1TBX%20Polarimetry%20Tutorial.pdf
most of the decompositions require 4 polarizations: HH, HV, VH and VV.
However, most of the Sentinel-1 data in IW mode is in only one or two polarizations:
There are studies which apply decompositions on dual polarized SAR data:
You can chose the Entropy-Alpha Dual Pol Decomposition for a try.

It is discussed in other topics if it makes sense:
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